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australian robins

Jacky Winter

Jacky Winter

Male and female are similar with grey brown upperparts, white underparts with a grey-brown washed breast and a white eyebrow. The outer tail feathers are white. Their size ranges from 12 to 14 cm. Their habitat is open woodlands and paddocks with scattered trees. They sing loudly from high trees. A whistling call "chwit-chwit-chwit-queeter-queeter-queeter". They breed from July to December after rain. A tiny shallow cup nest made from grass is built on a horizontal branch or fork of a tree up to 20m high. Jacky Winters continually wag their tail from side-to-side in a figure of eight. (Source: Department of Education Victoria, 2019).

Scarlet Robin

Scarlet Robin

The Scarlet Robin is a small Australian robin that reaches 13 cm in length. The male has a black head and upperparts, with a white forehead patch, white wing stripes and white tail-edges. He has a bright scarlet-red chest and a white belly. The female is pale brown with a dull reddish breast and whitish throat. The female also has white wing and tail markings. Immature males resemble females. The main call of Scarlet Robin is a soft, warbling trill. They live in dry eucalypt forests and woodlands. Their nest is an open cup made of plant fibres and cobwebs and is built in the fork of tree usually more than 2 metres above the ground; nests are often found in a dead branch in a live tree, or in a dead tree or shrub. Birds forage from low perches or on the ground, where they pounce on small insects and other invertebrates. In autumn and winter, the Scarlet Robin joins mixed flocks of other small insectivorous birds which forage through dry forests and woodlands. (Source: NSW Department of Environment & Heritage, 2017).

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Red-capped Robin

The male Red-capped Robin is black above and white below with a distinctive scarlet-red cap, white shoulders, and a red breast that contrasts strongly with a black throat. The black wing is barred white and the tail is black with white edges. Females are grey-brown above and off-white below, with a reddish cap, brown-black wings barred buff to white, and some have faint red on the breast. The Red-capped Robin feeds on insects and other invertebrates. It forages on the ground or in low vegetation, and will often perch on a stump or fallen branch, darting down to take insects from the ground. Can be seen in mixed feeding flocks with other small insect-eating birds such as Willie Wagtails, Rufous Whistlers and Black-faced Woodswallows. The breeding territory is defended by the male. The male sings from perches around the boundary to deter other Red-capped Robins and robin species, such as the Scarlet Robin. The female chooses a nest site in a tree-fork and builds an open, cup-shaped nest of bark, grass, and rootlets, bound together with spider web, lined with soft materials, camoflaged with lichen, bark and mosses. Nests may be parasitised by cuckoos. Predators of nestlings include the Grey Shrike-thrush and the Grey Butcherbird (Source: Birdlife Australia, n.d.).

Flame Robin

Flame Robin

The Flame Robin reaches 14 cm in length. The male has a dark grey head and upperparts, a small white forehead patch, and white wing stripes and white tail-edges with a bright orange-red throat, breast and upper-belly. The lower belly is white. The female is brown and has a whitish throat and lower belly. Female Flame Robins also have white and buffish marked wings and tail. Immature males resemble females. The main call of the Flame Robin is a thin, pretty, piping descending song. They prefer tall moist eucalypt forests and woodlands, often on ridges and slopes. Birds forage from low perches and pounce onto small invertebrates which they take from the ground, off tree trunks, logs and other coarse woody debris. Flying insects are often taken in the air. They can be seen in flocks of up to 40 birds or more. Their open cup nests are made of plant materials and spider webs. Nests are built in sheltered sites, such as shallow cavities in trees, stumps or banks. (Source: NSW Department of Environment & Heritage, 2017).

Rose Robin

Rose Robin

The Rose Robin is a slender robin with a long tail. Males are dark grey with a white patch above the bill (frontal patch), and have a rose-pink breast. The lower part of the underbody and outer tail feathers are white, the wings and upper tail dark grey. Females are mainly brown-grey with a small white frontal patch, white outertail and wing bars, and off-white below, with occasional pale pink wash across breast. Young birds resemble females with less or no pink. The Rose Robin prefers wet forest and rainforest habitats during spring and summer, moving into drier, more open habitats during autumn and winter. They nest towards the outer end of a branch or in a tree fork. The nest is made of green moss, twigs, bark, lined with plant down or fur and camoflaged with lichen. Rose Robins are the most acrobatic of the red robins with a darting, tumbling flight, and forage on insects higher up in the canopy. (Source: Birdlife Australia, n.d.).

Hooded Robin

Hooded Robin

The adult male Hooded Robin is the only black and white robin. They have a black hood and back, white underparts, black wings, white shoulder bar and wing stripe. Females are similar to males but greyer with a brown-grey head and a dark brown wing with a white stripe. Juveniles are dark brown with off-white speckling, white markings on the upper body and white underneath. Hooded Robins are also known as Black or Pied Robins. They are usually seen in pairs or small groups and are shy and quiet. Their flight is short, swift and undulating (curving up and down). Their preferred habitat is lightly timbered woodland, mainly dominated by acacia and/or eucalypts. (Source: Birdlife Australia, n.d.).

Eastern Yellow Robin

Eastern Yellow Robin

The Eastern Yellow Robin is a medium sized robin with a grey back and head and yellow underparts. Southern birds have an olive-yellow rump, while in northern birds it is brighter yellow. Both sexes are similar in plumage colour and pattern, but the female is slightly smaller. Young Eastern Yellow Robins are rufous-brown. They are among the first birds to be heard at dawn. They are found in a wide range of habitats, from dry woodlands to rainforests, parks and gardens and are usually first seen perched on the side of a tree trunk or other low perch. Eastern Yellow Robins feed on insects, spiders and other arthropods. These are caught mostly on the ground, and are pounced on from a low perch. The female builds the nest and incubates the eggs. The nest is a woven cup of bark, grasses and other vegetation, bound together with spider web and lined with finer material and leaves. It is normally built in an upright tree fork, up to 20m above the ground, but usually within 5m. Both parents, and sometimes some other helpers, care for the young birds.(Source: Australian Museum, 2018).